kala soocidda biraha silikoon

Kala soocida birta silikoon waxaa inta badan lagu kala saaraa waxyaabaha ay ka kooban yihiin saddexda wasakh ee ugu waaweyn ee birta, aluminium iyo calcium ee ku jira halabuurka silikoon. Marka loo eego nuxurka birta, aluminium iyo kalsiyum ee silikoon bir ah, Silicon bir ah waxaa loo qaybin karaa 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 iyo darajooyin kale oo kala duwan.

Warshadaha, silikoon macdan ah waxaa badanaa lagu soo saaraa kaarboonka silikoon dioxide ee foornooyinka korontada. Isla'egta falcelinta kiimikada: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO Nadiifinta silikoon ee habkan loo soo saaray waa 97 ~ 98%, taas oo loo yaqaan silikoon bir ah. Dabadeed waa la dhalaaley oo dib loo dhalaaley, wasakhdana waxaa laga saaraa acid si loo helo silikoon macdan ah oo nadiif ah 99.7 ~ 99.8%.

Birta Silicon waxay inta badan ka kooban tahay silikoon, sidaa darteed waxay leedahay sifooyin la mid ah silikoon. Silikoon wuxuu leeyahay laba allotropes: Silicon amorphous iyo silicon crystalline. Silicon Amorphous waa budo cawl-madow oo dhab ahaantii waa microcrystal. Silicon Crystalline waxay leedahay qaab dhismeedka crystal iyo sifooyinka semiconductor ee dheeman, barta dhalaalka 1410 ℃, barta karkarinta 2355 ℃, Mohs engegnaanta 7, jajaban. Amorphous silicification waa mid firfircoon oo si xoog leh ugu gubi kara ogsijiinta. Waxay la falgashaa biraha aan biraha ahayn sida halogens, nitrogen iyo carbon heerkulka sare, waxayna sidoo kale la falgali kartaa biraha sida magnesium, calcium iyo birta si ay u soo saarto silicides. Silicon Amorphous waxay ku dhowdahay inaan lagu milmi karin dhammaan asiidhyada inorganic iyo organic, oo ay ku jiraan hydrofluoric acid, laakiin waxay ku milmaan asiidhyada isku dhafan ee nitric acid iyo hydrofluoric acid. Xalka sodium hydroxide ee la ururiyey waxa uu milmi karaa silikoon amorphous ah waxana uu sii dayn karaa hydrogen. Silicon Crystalline waa mid aan firfircoonayn, xitaa heerkulka sare ha ku darin ogsijiinta, kuma filna wax kasta oo ah acids inorganic iyo organic, laakiin waxay ku milmaan nitric acid iyo hydrofluoric acid isku dhafan iyo xal sodium hydroxide.